Macbeth Diary - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 819 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/02/20 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Macbeth Essay Did you like this example? Today has been one of my busiest days. I have spent a better part of the day on a battlefield, and fortunately, we won the battle. It is an awkward feeling after seeing thousands in a pool of blood. Banquo, my friend, seems undaunted by the war. We were saddling our horses back to King Duncans territory. However, a strange thing happened. Three witches appeared to me and seemed to utter somethings regarding my future. However, it seems impossible because I have never believed in witches. A king? Well, how about Duncan. Does it mean that someone will have to kill him? Maybe, I will have to take the opportunity now that we have a meeting tomorrow and kill him. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Macbeth Diary" essay for you Create order King Duncan awards me with the title Thane of Cawdor for winning the war. I will have to write a letter to my wife, Lady Macbeth, and inform her to help me in making a wise decision. I know she has the idea regarding the procedure that I will use to ascend to power. Probably, the visitation by the witches has some implications. Journal Entry #2 My wife has already received the letter. She is aware that the King will be coming tomorrow to celebrate the victory. I am glad that she has welcomed the idea of killing King Duncan so that I can take over the position. She has portrayed her loyalty, and I will strive not to disappoint her. However, with all the trust I have earned from the king, is it a wise decision to shove the dagger in this mans chest. I am baffled, but I respect my wifes choice. We will have to terminate the king in a discreet way that no one will ever suspect. Lady Macbeth’s encouragement to proceed as planned is overwhelming. We will wait till the King goes to sleep and I will have to stab him on the chest. I will have to set up the bodyguard so that no one will suspect. After all, I will be the king, and the whole kingdom will be mine when all goes well. I cannot wait for tonight. Will I succeed? This murder is the only step that I need to accomplish to be crowned as a King. Journal Entry #3 It was successful. No one has any leads to the king murder. However, I almost freaked out and messed the whole plan. Thanks to my wife who did not lose hope but encouraged me to pursue the project. She played a significant role by drugging all the servants, and we confirmed everyone was asleep during the incident. I almost disappointed her because of my fears and the weird feelings I had killed one of the most powerful men in the kingdom. However, the witches assured me that I would be the King, and now I am the King of Scotland. I will never forget this day. The evil secret will forever be between my wife and me. Journal Entry #4 I cannot believe I will have to do this again. Banquo is my friend, but I can never allow anyone to take the crown from me. I will have to demolish him. I hate to do this, but I have to do whatever it takes to protect my kingship. I will not have to do it myself but delegate the task to the best swordsmen. Anyone threatening my crown must die by the sword. I need to consult the witches on the way forward regarding the Macduff’s issue. I have found the witches; they told me that Macduff is the bone of contention. He will attempt to snatch the crown but will never be successful. They have just instilled some confidence, and I know that I do not have to be paranoid about anything. Moreover, they assured me that the kingdom was mine long before I even decided. But I am still afraid of this tyrant, Macduff. Journal Entry #5 Today, I curse the day I met those filthy creatures. They deceived me that the Kingdom of Scotland was mine. How I wish I knew I have been living a charmed life. I regret having killed kind Duncan because of the rigged thoughts that were influenced by these creatures. I never knew leadership comes with responsibility and it is not a bed of roses. I know I have not been the best king for Scotland, after killing everyone that tried to snatch the throne from me. We have fought in the battlefields and won. Conversely, this is not going to be an easy fight. The confrontation with Macduff has been one of my biggest nightmares since I ascended to power. It is regrettable that what I have worked for in all these years are coming to an end. Building an empire from the dark forces and seeking their advice. It was not my wish to fail you Scotland. It shall be well.

Social Media And Public Administration - 894 Words

In their article Social Media and Public Administration: Theoretical Dimensions and Introduction to the Symposium,† published in 2011 in Administrative Theory Praxis Vol. 33, Iss. 3, pp. 325-340, authors Thomas A. Bryer and Staci M. Zavatarro introduce the rising trend of social media use in public administration, in both government agencies and nonprofits. As public administration scholars and practitioners themselves, the authors sought to analyze these trends further, and to explore more comprehensively how social media technologies are utilized in public organizations, as well as these methods’ outcomes. The article is laid out as follows: First, the authors attempt to define social media; second, they identify common challenges and obstacles that public organizations face when utilizing social media tools ; and finally, they identify areas for future research. The authors hope that ultimately their research will provide assistance to those public administration pra ctitioners interested in successfully utilizing social media. The authors’ first task in their research was to come up with a mutually agreed-upon and easy to understand definition of social media. For a starting or â€Å"base† definition, the authors cite the Federal Web Managers Council (FWMC), a group of federal government specialists assigned to develop best practices for federal agency Web sites and general online presence. Many information technology (IT) arms of various federal agencies have adopted andShow MoreRelatedBureaucracy And Bureaucracies1714 Words   |  7 Pagesregulations that are stable and reliable. Regulations are a grant of power and set of directions that enforce compliance for the goals of a bureaucracy. Bureaucracies are expected to take responsibility for their actions. 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Content and Format Effects in Direct-To-Consumer Online Prescription Drug Promotions† 37% of Americans searched the internet for information on prescriptionRead MoreEssay On Social Media1286 Words   |  6 PagesShrestha Sangam Shrestha GOVT 2305 Prof. 1 Sherry Sharifian 10/29/2017 Social Media and the USA Presidency Social media is defined as a form electronic communication through which people use to share information, messages, ideas, views, videos. Close Panel Suspected Entry: 70% match Uploaded - government hw2.docx Sherry Sharifian 10/29/2017 Social Media and the USA Presidency Social media is defined as a form electronic communication through which people use to share information, messages, ideasRead MoreGood Leadership And Management Leaders1424 Words   |  6 PagesEvery company, organization, and foundation has a specific goal to reach. The best way to achieve this goal is to have a good leadership and capable management leaders. 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Economic Policy in Downtown Development Essay Example For Students

Economic Policy in Downtown Development Essay When the Heers Tower closed down in the 1960s, the downtown area of Springfield, MO. lost a major economic and entertaining element. Since then, Springfield has been planning and working to get back a lot of the status that it once had. The city government had to bring attractions and business in the form of new businesss to spur development to accommodate the 151,580 citizens that reside in the small city. Mayor Tom Carlson and City Manager Tom Finnie have been heading the projects with the help of large developing firms such as the UDA or Urban District Alliance, and hope that projects such as the redevelopment of Heers Tower, SMSUs Innovation center, and College Station will add not only attractions for the mass of people flooding into Springfield each year, but also bring in hundreds of new jobs to boost the economy and help support a growing society. Over the next couple of pages an analysis of the current and future projects, as well as the non-quantitative benefits and effects on the surrounding community will be looked at to further explain why the project is on the communitys agenda. Tom Carlson calls the development of the downtown area, the Center City. It will be a city within a city. Not to long ago though Springfield was in a slump, after the huge factories of Zenith and GE went out of business, the only other major factory was Kraft. During the 1950s, These companies employed thousands of workers and once they were out of the picture the economy started to level out. The opportunity to have the Center City, started in the 1980s when sub-divisions around Springfield and surrounding towns, such as Nixa and Ozark, started booming. Since then, developers such as John Q. Hammons and new faces like Vaughn Post have sparked projects that have created a substantial buzz across the state. The developers took the idea of a new downtown and ran with it, using tax advantages such as state and historic tax credits, property tax abatement, gap financing and loans up to $40,000 to make facade improvements. Also, a low- interest loan program, using Community Development Bl ock Grant Funds, has provided help for many business people. Since 1997, about $125 million has been invested in Center City. All of these tax breaks and policies have led to some astonishing developments in employment and economic gains. According to the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center (MERIC), Springfield accounts for just 3% of Missouris workforce, but the area has created one-fourth of all new jobs in the state between March 2002 and March 2003, while Kansas City has reported net job loss and St. Louis reported minimal gains. Noting these facts, it is no surprise that the City is fully behind the idea of developing the downtown area, for it will provide hundreds of business opportunities as well as entertainment value for the entire city. The development of the plans have been in the works for several years. Ideas, money and developers had to come together as well as the support of the community for any of the first steps to be taken. When looking at the plan from a public policy makers point of view, one has to take into account every possible angle. Dr. Deborah Stone, uses a couple o f key points to assess any spending or policy before implementing it. Those points are as follows:1.Identify objectives 2.Identify alternative courses of action for achieving objectives 3.Predict the possible consequences of each alternative 4.Evaluate the possible consequences of each alternative 5.Select the alternative that maximizes the attainment of objectivesNow assuming the City Council used these elements to determine zoning permits, tax breaks, funding and overall implementation of the Center City project, one can break the move for growth in the downtown area down by each step. 1. The objectives for Center City are obvious. The Citys government saw a need and opportunity for huge economic growth and took advantage of the eager entrepreneurs to develop and build new buildings and projects. Springfield being the third largest city in the state of Missouri, put an emphasis for greater job opportunities, non-quantitative benefits such as entertainment, overall satisfaction for all the patrons of Springfield and a more prestigious standing amongst Missourians and the nation as one of the major topics for its agenda. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Greene County area ranked 21st of 315 urban counties for job growth and No. 15 among medium- sized metro areas in the country for doing business. The Story Of An Hour Argumentative EssayThe other project that draws particular interest is the Jordan Valley Innovation Center. SMSU plans on turning the old MFA building into a state of the art research facility. This will do a number of things 1: Provide a place for current students to further their education, 2: Attract scientists to the area and provide them with state of the art facilities to conduct their research and further promote areas of science, and 3: It will attract higher paying jobs to the Springfield area; thus giving the economy a huge surge in jobs and money that will be pumped into Springfields businesss. According to Irvin Feller, Universities have the upper hand, when developing facilities, as they are entitled to grants and low interest rate loans to help with the costs of expanding. With all these projects on the line, questions arise of efficiency and projected completion dates. One major goal of public policy is efficiency, are the programs and projects m eeting deadlines? Can anything be done to improve production goals and final results? According to the Tillman Redevelopment Group, the College Station should be completed by mid-2006. The JVIC should be transformed from an old decaying MFA building to the state of the art research facility by 2007 and the $18 million dollar renovation of Heers Tower should see completion also by 2007. Questions of efficiency have been answered with the city government fully supporting the areas renovations and is asking that all of Springfield jump on board, as the final product will add psychological and economic benefits for years to come. Another aspect of policy implementation is security. With the city government fully supporting all these changes, is the economic security of the city of Springfield being looked at fully? The projects that are being completed, dont yet have all the vacancies filled, is this reason to worry about the projects? After reviewing the process of how the decisions were made, it is safe to say that yes, the security was well looked after. The city council cannot and would not gamble millions of dollars in investments, without considering all points of a thorough cost benefit analysis. Economic security was not only looked after, but the goal is to substantially improve the consumers market in Springfield. After analyzing the plans to develop the downtown area of Springfield, we can assess that it is an safe and intelligent gamble. The newly revived buildings and businesss will provide people with social and economic benefits that can clearly be seen by the plans that the city has in mind. When the policy changes finally come into play the the tax codes, zoning issues and the economic viability of every inch of the downtown area will have to be reconsidered. Overall, the cost of all the renovations will give back much more than just good business and better jobs for area residents, but with changes to local universities such as SMSU to MSU, we can expect greater advances in education for area students and a city that will be gaining credibility on a national scale. Works CitedFeller, Irwin. Universities and State Governments. New York: Preager Publishers, 1986. Rushefsky, Mark. Public Policy in the United States. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2002. Stone, Deborah. Policy Paradox. New York: Norton, 2001. Holman, Gregory. The Downtown Turnaround, 417 Magazine, March 2005, 81. Tom Carlson and Tom Finnie, interview by Laura Scott, Assosiated Press, 03 March 2005. Chemweno, Margerat. Missouri Retail Trade. MERIC. September 2002. College Station: Proposed Development for Downtown. February 2005. Simmons, John. Urban Districts Alliance. January 2005. Sparks, Glen. Springfield, MO.:Boomtown Once Again. The Regional Economist. July 2004Springfield, MO Profile. Local Information Data Server. 2005. Strategic Summary: A 5-year plan. Springfield and Greene County Publication. 24, June 2004.

My personal Management Experience Essay Example

My personal Management Experience Essay My Personal Management Experience Name; Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on My personal Management Experience specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My personal Management Experience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My personal Management Experience specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer My Personal Management Experience I was employed as a store manager for a jewelry store that was only just opening. My boss called me one morning and said, â€Å"I want you to be in Eastridge Mall tomorrow,† and he gave me the address. I showed up the following day at the Mall as directed and found a store under construction. The whole place consisted of construction material and debris. There were Sheetrock walls, hanging wires from the ceiling and brand new showcases ready to be installed. He called me the same evening and surprised me by saying, â€Å"Congratulation, this is the store you will be running.† I accepted this new and greater responsibility with newfound confidence. I had worked as a jewelry sales person and I understood quite well the difficult task that lay ahead. This was bound to be a wonderful experience. I had always wanted to mange big assignments and this was one of them. My first management challenge consisted in establishing a clientele, forming a strong workforce and making a reasonable profit for the company. My boss believed in my vast experience as a sales person and he expected me to deliver the required results. . I had to strategize on how to kick-start the operations of the store and how to capture loyal customers. This was no mean feat for someone who has never had any management experience in the past. Running a new store is a challenging task. In the retail world, all businesses are driven by the desire to make profits. This was a difficult task considering the fact that I was given a brand new store with no clientele and located in a very unfamiliar market. I had to apply what I had learnt from my experience as a sales person and what I had learnt from my management classes to this challenge. I was required to takeover the planning from now onwards. As the manager, I was tasked with the responsibility of organizing the required resources whether financial or material to be delivered to the store. I was also responsible for the staffing. The store needed an adequate and competent workforce to be able to make it through this stage. For the operations to run smoothly, I had to be able to guide and motivate my workforce and ensure that everything was going according to the plans set down. This is just but a brief insight of the task that lay ahead of me. As a manager, I was supposed to do my work diligently. The construction was already underway, I had to incorporate my company’s designs into the already laid out designs. This was to make sure that the store is constructed according to the company’s standards. I therefore had to be present at the construction site to supervise the ongoing construction. This was my first assignment. I had to co-ordinate the construction process and I was leaving nothing to chance. Signs for example, were to be placed in the right places and given perfect angling; the lighting system had to meet the company’s standards. Since this business involves expensive jewelry, security was very important. I had to ensure that the security system was standard. All the display cases had to be secured to ensure no one tampers with the jewelry. These measures had to be taken to ensure that everything was in place. In this stage of the project, I applied management control. This assisted me in verifying whether the construction work was going accordi ng to my plan After overseeing the completion of the construction work, I had to focus on the opening of the store. This was one of the most important stages of this assignment. My mission was to put up a credible work force that will assist me in developing the store into a competitive and profit making outlet. I recruited a formidable sales team bout one month before the store commenced its operations. This was essential because without the right sales people I (Store manager) would not succeed. Coming up with the right team was quite difficult. I had set my own objectives on the kind of people I wanted for this job. I had to build a competent group of workers and so I chose those that really suited my descriptions for the best. As a manager I was guided by one principle, I gave my work the best I can and treated my customers with the respect they deserved. As quoted in Arnold et al’s article in the Journal of Retailing issue number 85 of 2009, â€Å"transformational managers attempt to act in the best interests of both the customer and the company to provide effective solutions to the needs of both groups (Bass, 1977)†. This principle motivates me to do my best and guides all my practices as a manager. A manager however does not work alone; he is assisted in his work by his sales team. I strived to instill these values in the team that I managed to create. I set goals for the sales team we had to get the business running and rake up sales within the first two months. These objectives guided my choice of candidates for the sales job. I laid out the minimum qualifications and the attributes of the sales personnel. My ideal candidate had to possess the following characteristics. First, they must be lovers of jewelry, a person who does not love what he/she is selling will find it difficult to passionately market a piece to a customer and convince them to purchase it regardless of its price. Second, the person must be enthusiastic; customers prefer sales people who are lively and appealing. Positive attitude will always result in customer satisfaction and eventually a sale. Third, the person must be ambitious; employees who want to advance in their careers in future always give their best. Keeping in mind all these expectations, I formed a sales team that consisted of seven dedicated people. They were lovers of jewelry, enthusiastic, and all desired to grow in their respective careers. They also had to fulfill my manager’s expectations. These p eople had to be proficient in whatever they were going to do so training was necessary. After hiring them, I trained them on the various roles they would take in the store. Several years ago, I was working as a sales person at my first job (Zale’s the Diamond Store). The manager at this store had a great relationship with his workers. I loved the way he related with those under him and he inspired me to be like him. He was also unbelievably talented in the art of marketing. He knew how lure the customer into buying something; he always knew the right words to use. .He taught me how to approach the customer, make a conversation, find out about their needs, and listen to them. He believed that through listening, we learn more about someone than when we talk. Roman et al in their article in the journal of marketing management say that listening skills can lead to higher sales performance â€Å"From the salesperson’s perspective, empirical research has shown that effective listening leads to higher sales performance† ( Roman et al, 2005 ). He inspired me and I strived to pass down his values to my sales team The staffing function required much more time than I had anticipated; I had to set up instruction/training sessions for my team on a daily basis. The training comprised education on customer service, product knowledge and listening and communication skills. The daily sessions are essential because they are also used to review the progress of our daily objectives and assist us in making corrections as appropriate. Through these meetings, we interact, highlight the problem areas, and propose solutions or improvements as appropriate. We have set up half hour opening and closing meetings where we talk about the store’s goals break it down to our individual goals, and then we discuss whether we have achieved those goals and what we ought to do in order to achieve them. In the closing meetings, we review the days work and evaluate individual as well as team performance. These meetings represent a minor form of performance appraisal. Another strategy that I employ when dealing with m y team involves role-play and building scenarios. This has an enormous impact on their learning. It is a great confidence builder and aids the team in their learning. The bottom line is I always recognize the efforts of my sales team and closely monitor their behavior and correct them in areas where they have gone wrong. My short-term goals were to be able to gain a consistent flow of sales and to attract a meaningful number of customers. With these goals in mind, we set out on the methods to achieve them. I identified several ways through which we could be able to gain and retain customers. One important was to have a motivated sales team, second was to carry out intensive marketing of the new store. These were key strategies for the achievement of our goals. I had to motivate my sales people and ensure that we marketed ourselves well. Together with the head office, we embarked on massive promotional campaigns on print and communication media and in the internet. We also put up a series of promotional billboards in the neighborhood. Our marketing campaign paid off very well and within a few days, customers started streaming into our store. The second step involved the motivation of workers, we offered incentives for those who achieved a certain amount of sales and the daily meetings enabled them to be participatory and hardworking. Overall, the performance of the sales team and the store in general exceeded my expectations. I agreed to become a manager because I believed in my ability to recognize the areas for potential improvement in my sales associates and correct it before became too late. I understood that every single flaw within my sales team would reflect ten times greater on my own portfolio. I achieve that by creating a great relationship with my team. Achieving our short-term goals was not as difficult as I had previously thought. With the motivated workforce and the regular clientele, we were way beyond our goals. My focus now shifted to the medium term goals. One of my medium term objectives involved the retaining of present customers and improvement of sales. We had to create an impression on the clientele to ensure that they will come back again. This was not an easy feat to achieve. Great and efficient customer service is a combination of patience, intelligence and understanding. The sales team had to be made aware of these three pillars of effective customer service delivery. I ensured that I reminded them about this in our daily meetings and instructed them on how customers should be handled. Another important step that I took was to enforce disciplinary actions, these were necessary in order to maintain a reliable and strong sales team. At the end of the day, the manager is responsible for the mistakes of his team. It is t herefore prudent to have disciplinary action taken against team members who violate the rules set to govern misconduct at the workplace. This is one way through which the work force can stay focused on the company’s objectives. When a manager metes out punishment on an employee it is always for the good of the employee and the company. When the employee is repeatedly involved in misconduct, he/she should be replaced. Some of these rules were agreed on as we embarked on the journey to achieve greater sales and to retain and gain more customers. As a manager, I prided myself in being a successful organizer. I had the roles of all my seven sales personnel well defined, each of them had a role clearly carved out for them. Teamwork was an important element of the sales process. If one member of the sales team found it difficult to convince a customer, it was normal practice to refer them to another member. If both failed to make a deal with the customer, I always intervene to save the situation and make the sale. I have never been a manager who works only to collect paychecks, but to gain my paycheck and deserve it. My participation motivates the team; they are aware of the need to be effective and to do their best. Having a rapport with your customer gives them the motivation to come again. They also recommend the store to their friends. Excellent customer service helps the company establish this rapport with the customers and in turn enables the organization to increase sales. I endeavored to ensure that the sales team mainta ined an excellent rapport with customers in order to achieve the goal of maximum sales and to gain more clients. Through these simple steps, we were able to establish ourselves as a formidable force within the jewelry market. Our sales soared at unbelievable rates and clients continued streaming into our store. My manager acknowledged my performance and even upgraded my store’s capacity due to the increasing sales that we were registering. We had made a lot of progress as far as the achievement of our goals was concerned. We attained parity in sales and the number of customers who called at our store had increased. However, one problem still troubled me; we had inconsistencies in the sale of a particular stock of diamond rings. This ring had registered the least sales despite being tone of the most valuable and most sought after rings in the country. I figured out that there might be a problem in its display station and made the decision to have it displayed at a different position. We deliberated on this as a team and I decided that this particular ring be displayed on the finest showcase for the customers to see. Each member was supposed to take keen interest on customers who showed their interest in the ring and attend to them with the tact and experience they had gained over the few months that the store has been in operation. Another problem that we had to contend with was the height of the showcases it was observ ed that the showcases were taller than the standard height. This made it difficult for the customers to have a comprehensive view of the jewelry showcased. This was identified as an impediment to the sales process. Some jewelry had intrinsic features that could only be noticed by an observant customer. Others like rings had minute details that can only be seen if the customer has the best view. This therefore posed a major problem. The showcases had to be replaced with others that were waist-length in order to allow the customers to have a comprehensive view of the jewelry. These two were some of the major challenges that we faced in the jewelry store. We were able to replace the showcases after receiving financial help from the head office. Our sales increased considerably with this new adjustment and we realized that customers could now see all the jewelry displayed in the store. Our sales staff also became busier than before since customers were now more interested in the detail. We have not yet achieved our goals as a company yet but according to my observation, we are right on track and given more time, we will be a force to reckon with in the jewelry market. As a manager, I believe I have employed the functions of management as taught in management class and that is the reason why I have a wonderful record of accomplishment. I planned my processes and objectives quite well and organized all the resources required to achieve them. I also ensured that I had a well, developed and qualified workforce for the job. I ensured that the workforce was well motivated and that communication in the store was open. Constant evaluation and reviews of the progress of operations also assisted me in troubleshooting potential threat areas and finding credible solutions to these threats. Recognizing the passion for what we do is the key to our success. The only reason why I have been featured on the company’s â€Å"newspaper† for several years now is because my store registered the highest profit margin. I am proud of myself simply because I always give the best of my efforts, set higher than normal expectations for myself and never lose hope in difficult times.

Argumentative Paper

Argumentative Paper Argumentative Paper Issue: Should there be a legal requirement for citizens of the U.S to vote in elections? Position: U.S citizens should not be legally required to vote in elections. Premise 1: Requiring U.S citizens to vote presents an inconvenience for the elderly, the young, and the poor. Premise 2: Requiring U.S citizens to vote would not be in the best interest of our country. Premise 3: Requiring U.S citizens to vote would contradict one of the three basic rights stated in the U.S Declaration of Independence- liberty. Requiring U.S citizens to vote presents an inconvenience for the elderly, the young, and the poor. The elderly are typically less mobile and depend on others to provide transportation, whether it is from their individual homes or a care facility. It is not always possible for this demographic to gain acces to transportation to their designated voting locations. While turning 18 gives one the legal right to vote, it is also a time when many move away for college or to gain employment thereby leaving their permanent address. It is an inconvenience for these young adults to leave college or their place of employment to travel for hours on end, to meet a one day voting deadline. When one is truly poor, there are many immediate needs that have to be met and voting is not a concern, in addition, many poor people frequently move and are unable to establish a permanent residence. Requiring U.S citizens to vote would not be in the best interest of our country. Mandatory voting would taint our election process; for if a citizen does not care enough to be informed on a candidate’s

Japan Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Japan Civilization - Essay Example rpretation of culture and history, the Tokugawa period was unique with regards to the way in which Edo-art, theater developed, and government sponsored and supported arts flourished during this time. Firstly, with regards to art during this particular period, it is something of a deviation from traditional Japanese art; yet, at the same time, it was a movement that sought to re-integrate an understanding and appreciation for the most traditional aspects of Japanese culture. Whereas the arts were not officially supported by the government prior to this period, the Tokugawa period saw a time in Japanese history in which landholders were the ones that were ultimately the pinnacle of society. Within such an interpretation, these landholders had to shoulder the majority of the tax burden. As such, once these taxes were received by the government, artists were supported, at least in small part by the proceeds of these taxes. In such a way, it comes as little surprise that the portraits and etchings that they engaged invariably were concentric upon the subject matter of harvesting, planting, and the manual labor that is oftentimes evidenced in fields or on farms. As a result of the growth of wealth derived from a thriving merchant culture, a desire for amusement was born within Tokugawa society. One of the most prominent outgrowths of this desire for amusement is with regards to the theater that came to such a level of prominence during this period of Japanese history known as the Kabuki (Nenzy 12). Within this theater, lavish displays of passion, costumes, and intrigue were represented directly to a new class of people who had grown as a direct result of the policies and constraints that the shogun had encouraged by the development and evolution of this â€Å"new† society. Many have argued that no other aspect of culture represents the Tokugawa era better than the Edo woodblock images that were churned out in such volume during these times. These images would,

Cross Cultural Awareness for the International Manager Essay - 1

Cross Cultural Awareness for the International Manager - Essay Example This report assesses the operations of Muffin King Ltd, an international chain of bakery outlets that is fast expanding in the global market. The key objective of the report is to propose business strategies based on a high level of awareness and close insight of cross cultural differences among different international markets, which will yield the business a competitive advantage. Achieving business competitiveness in today’s highly competitive globalised scenario is no longer possible through traditional success factors such as low production costs, high productivity and shorter lead-times, which have now become prerequisites to stay in business. Neither can global players in the market offer standardised product offers or implement standardised work processes and human resource management (HRM) practices across different nations in which they operate. Companies today have realised that to succeed in the global market place, a high level of awareness and a deep insight is required of the cross- cultural differences existing across the world (Broek 2005). These cross-cultural dimensions are a source of competitive advantage if understood and exploited to the company’s advantage. As global multinationals such as Ecare the Swedish furniture marketer, the MTV Broadcasting Company or MacDonald have realised, companies need to change and adopt their products and business practices to suit different cultural dimensions in order to stay competitive (Hill 2003). This report aims at evaluating the business operations of â€Å"Muffin King Ltd.† a UK based international chain of bakery outlets, and make recommendations which will exploit the sources of competitive advantages in the sphere of cross -cultural differences. â€Å"Muffin King Ltd.† is a UK based retail chain of bakery outlets, which has recently expanded to the